In what scenario can "heavy" be omitted in communications with aircraft?

The scenario in which "heavy" can be omitted in communications with aircraft is when the separation is less than 5 miles. This is based on the need for safety and ensuring proper separation between aircraft, especially when dealing with wake turbulence and the effects that larger aircraft can impart on smaller ones. When aircraft are closer together, the potential risk and impact of wake turbulence become less pronounced. Thus, it's acceptable to omit "heavy" in these situations, as the immediate context already provides adequate awareness of the aircraft types and their implications.

In contrast, during communications at an airport, heaviness categorization helps ground control and other aircraft maintain awareness of wake turbulence concerns, providing clarity regardless of proximity. Discussing heavy jets in general also necessitates the use of the term to categorize those aircraft properly, ensuring that all parties understand the specific risks involved. When communicating with Air Force One and Two, the standard protocols and terminology still apply to prevent misunderstandings and maintain safety, which includes using "heavy" where required.